Many studies have shown links between pollution and health effects. Increases in air pollution have been linked to grief in lung function and increases in heart attacks. High levels of air pollution according to the Air Quality Index of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, for its acronym in English) directly harm people with asthma and other lung or heart disease. The overall air quality has improved over the past 20 years, but urban areas are still a concern. The elderly and children are especially vulnerable to the effects of air pollution.
The level of risk depends on several factors:
- The amount of air pollution,
- The amount of air we breathe in a moment
- The general health.
Other less direct ways in which people are exposed to air pollutants are:
- Consumption of food contaminated with air toxics have been deposited where they grow,
- Consumption of water contaminated with substances from the air,
- Ingestion of contaminated soil
- Contact with soil, dust or water.
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